12.1-2

Question 1

occurs when a solute is pulled apart into a liquid

Answer 1

dissolve

Question 2

the same amount all the way throughout

Answer 2

homogeneous

Question 3

substance that does the dissolving

Answer 3

solvent

Question 4

homogeneous mixture of two or more substances that form a liquid or solid phase

Answer 4

solution

Question 5

substance being dissolved

Answer 5

solute

Question 6

liquids that are completely soluble in each other

Answer 6

miscible

Question 7

liquids that do not dissolve in each other to any significant extent

Answer 7

immiscible

Question 8

process in which solute molecules or ions are surrounded by solvent molecules

Answer 8

solvation

Question 9

solvation with water as the solvent

Answer 9

hydration

Question 10

separation of an ionic compound into ions when solvated

Answer 10

dissociation

Question 11

separation of a molecular compound into ions when solvated

Answer 11

ionization

Question 12

true or false: stirring brings more solute particles into contact with solvent molecules and moves solvated solute particles away from the undissolved solute

Answer 12

true

Question 13

true or false: crushing or grinding a solute into small particles does not hasten its dissolution

Answer 13

false; it does speed it up

Question 14

does increasing temperature speed up the solution process?

Answer 14

yes it does

Question 15

disorder in the universe

Answer 15

entropy

Question 16

true or false: the more alike molecules are, the more likely they are to form a solution

Answer 16

true; like dissolves like

Question 17

process of a dissolved solute returning to its crystalline form

Answer 17

crystallization

Question 18

situation in which the rate of crystallization equals the rate of dissolution and the amount of undissolved solid remains constant

Answer 18

solution equilibrium

Question 19

state in which two opposite processes are continuously occurring at equal rates so that they offset each other

Answer 19

dynamic equilibrium

Question 20

solution containing all the solute possible under equilibrium conditions at a given temperature

Answer 20

saturated solution

Question 21

amount of solute present in a saturated solution

Answer 21

solubility

Question 22

solution containing less solute than it could at equilibrium at a specific temperature

Answer 22

unsaturated

Question 23

solution containing more solute than it could under equilibrium conditions at a specific temperature

Answer 23

supersaturated

Question 24

true or false: the solubility of liquid or solid solutes in liquid solvents is virtually unaffected by ordinary pressure changes

Answer 24

true

Question 25

law stating that at a given temperature, the equilibrium concentration of a gas dissolved in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas

Answer 25

Henry's law

Question 26

the higher the partial pressure of a gas, the _________ the solubility of the gas at a given temperature

Answer 26

greater

Question 27

________ is an illness that comes from nitrogen bubbles developing in the blood from breathing pressurized air underwater and ascending to quickly

Answer 27

decompression sickness (the bends) - definition by vivi :)

Question 28

the solubilities of gases ______ with increasing temperature

Answer 28

decrease

Question 29

practical use for negative and positive enthalpies of solution

Answer 29

instant hot packs and instant cold packs