CEPHRADINE

Question 1

Drug class

Answer 1

cephalosporin

Question 2

How does it work? (4)

Answer 2

• Inhibit enzymes involved in cross-linking peptidoglycans in bacterial cell walls
• this weakens cell walls
• and prevents them from holding an osmotic gradient
• this results in bacterial cell swelling, lysis and death

Question 3

What is the effects of cephradine due to?

Answer 3

beta lactam ring

Question 4

Is it broad or narrow spectrum?

Answer 4

broad

Question 5

What bacteria does it tend to work against?

Answer 5

gram negative bacteria

Question 6

Indications for oral (2)

Answer 6

• resp

- UTIs

Question 7

Indications for iV (2)

Answer 7

1. severe infections

2. antibiotic resistance organisms

Question 8

Contra-indications (4)

Answer 8

1. those at risk of c.diff

• elderly
• inpatients

2. allergy

• penicillin
• cephalosporin
• carbapenems

3. epilepsy
4. renal impairment
   - dose reduction

Question 9

Side effects (2)

Answer 9

1. GI upset

• nausea
• vomitting
• Anitbiotic colitis e.g. c.diff

Question 10

Interactions (2)

Answer 10

1. warfarin

• enhance anti-coagulation effect
• by killing the normal gut flora that synthesises vit K

2. aminoglycosides
   - increased nephrotoxicity

Question 11

Eliminations

Answer 11

urine