MORPHINE

Question 1

Drug class

Answer 1

opiates

Question 2

How does it work?

Answer 2

1. activates opiods mu receptors in the CNS system
2. this reduces neuronal excitability and pain transmission
3. reduce reap drive and breathlessness
4. reduces sympathetic system

Question 3

How does morphine work in an MI or acute pulmonary oedema? (2)

Answer 3

1. reduces cardiac work

2. reduces oxygen demand

Question 4

Indications (4)

Answer 4

1. pain
2. breathlessness
3. MI
4. pulmonary oedema

Question 5

Contra-indications (5)

Answer 5

1. hepatic impairment
2. renal impairment
3. resp failure
4. elderly
5. bilary colic

Question 6

Why should not morphine be given in bilary colic?

Answer 6

• causes contraction of the sphincter of Oddi

Question 7

Side effects (5)

Answer 7

1. resp depression
2. neurological depression
3. GI

• nausea
• vomitting
• constipation

4. withdrawal, dependence and tolerance
5. eyes
   - papillary constriction

Question 8

Interactions

Answer 8

1. other sedating drugs

• benzodiazepines
• tricyclic antidepressants
• antipsychotics

Question 9

elimination

Answer 9

urine