LOSARTAN

Question 1

Drug class

Answer 1

Angitotensin receptor blocker (ARB)

Question 2

How does it work?

Answer 2

1. they block the action of angiotensin II on the AT1 receptor

Question 3

What is the role of angiotensin II?

Answer 3

• vasoconstrictor

- stimulates aldosterone secretion

Question 4

What happens when you block angiontension II?

Answer 4

• reduce peripheral vascular resistance (after load)

- this lowers blood pressure

Question 5

How do ARBs work in CKD?

Answer 5

• dilates the efferent glomerular arteriole
• this reduces intraglomerular pressure
• this slows the progression of CKD

Question 6

How do ARBs work in heart failure?

Answer 6

• reduces venous return (preload)

Question 7

Indications (3)

Answer 7

1. hypertension
2. heart

• chronic heart failure
• ischaemic heart disease

3. kidneys

• diabetic nephropathy
• CKD with proteinuria

Question 8

Contra-indications (2)

Answer 8

1. kidney

• renal artery stenosis
• AKI
• CKD - lower doses

2. pregnancy and breast feeding

Question 9

Side effects (3)

Answer 9

1. hypotension
   - particularly after 1st dose
2. ion imbalance
   - hyperkaelemia
3. kidneys
   - renal failure

Question 10

Interactions (2)

Answer 10

1. Potassium elevating drugs
2. NSAIDs
   - renal failure

Question 11

Elimination

Answer 11

1. bilary - main

2. urine (very small)