COM 1 Anatomy week 7 Flashcards by Shaylei M

Name the parts of the ear

-external, middle and inner ear

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of the external and middle ear together

Transder sound to the internal ear

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the tympanic membrane seperate

external from middle ear

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the Pharynotympanic tube connect

Connects middle ear to the nasopharynx

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the components of the external ear

-pinna
-external acoustic meatus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of the pinna(auricle)

Collects sound

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the auricle/pinna made out of

Elastic cartilage

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the concha

Deepest depression

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the helix

Elevated rim

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the lobule contain

Fibrous tissue, fat, nlood vessels

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the tragus

Tounge like flap in front of the ear canal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the external acoustic meatus contain

ceruminous and sebaceous gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the blood supply in the ear

Posterior auricular and superficial temporal arteries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the Great auricular nerve come from + what does it serve

Comes from cervical plexus
-Serves, outer auricle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the auriculotemporal neve serve

Serves the auricle and extenral tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the location of the middle ear

Petrous part of the temporal bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name th2 parts of the tympanic cavity in the middle ear

Tympanic cavity proper
Epitympanic recess

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Anteriorly, what is the tympanic cavity, in the middle ear connected to + via what

Nasopharynx by the pahryngotympanic tube

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Posteriorly, what is the tympanic cavity connected to + via what

Mastoid cells, through the mastoid antrum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the cavity of the middle ear known as

Tympanic cavity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name the contents of the middle ear

-Auditory ossicles: include malleus,incus, stapes
-Muscles: stapedius, tensor tympanic muscle
-Nerves:- chorda tympani branch of V11 and tympanic plexus of nerves

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How many walls does the middle ear have

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name the 6 walls the middle ear contains+ what they are

-tegmental wall - roof
-juguar wall- floor
-membranous wall-lateral wall
-The labyrinthine wall- medial wall
-The mastoid wall- posterior wall
-Anterior cartoid wall

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of the tegmental wall + what does it form

It forms the roof of the tympanic cavity, separating it from the middle cranial fossa

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of the jugular wall

It seperates the tympanic cavity from the internal jugular vein

What is the membranous wall formed by

By the tympanic membrane

What is the function of the labyrinthrine wall

Seperates the tympanic cavity from the inner ear

where does the opening go to in the mastoid wall

An opening to the mastoid antrum

What is the function of the Anterior cartoid wall

Separates the tympanic cavity from the cartoid canal

What is the pharyngotympanic tube also known as

Auditory tube or eustachian tube

What does the pharyngotympanic tube connect

Connects the tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx

What is the pharyngotympanic tube lined with

Mucous membrane

What is the functon of the pharynotympanic tube

- Balances the pressure between the middle ear and the atmosphere

What are the arteres of the pharyngotympanic tube derived from

- Ascending pharyngeal artery , -+ the Middle meningeal artery + artery of the pterygoid canal

Where do the veins of the pharyngotympanic tube drain into

Pterygoid vebous plexus

Where does the lymphatic drianage of the pharyngotympanic drain into

- deep cervical lymph nodes

Name the 2 nerves in the pharyngotympanic tube

- Tympanic plexus -Pterygopalatine ganglion

What is the tympanic plexus , in the pharyngotympanic tube formed by

Fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve

What is the auditory ossicles

Chain of small bones in the middle ear

What is the function of the auditory ossicles

Transmit sound from the tympanic membrane to the oval window

What does the auditory ossicles include

- Malleus -Incus -Stapes

What does the malleus attach to

Tympanic membrane

What does the head of the mallus articulate wirh

Incus

What does the head of the mallus lie in

epitympanic recess

Where is the incus located

Between the malleus and stapes

Name the 2 limbs that the incus contains

- Long limb -Short limb

What does the long limb of the incus articulate with + what does the short limb of the incus connect to

-Long limb articulates with the stapes -Short limb connect to the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity

What is the smallest auditory ossicle

Stapes

What does the stapes contain

- Head -Two limbs -Base

What is the affect of auditory ossicles on sound transmission

- Increases the force of sounf vibrations + decrease the amplitude

What is the function of the stapedius muscle

Controls the movement of the stapes

How does the stapedius muscle pull the stapes/ what direction

Posteriorly

What is the nerve that innervated the stapedius muscle derived from

The facial nerve CN, V11

What is the function of the muscles in the middle ear

They dampen the movements of auditory ossicles, reducing the transmission of sound from the external ear

Name the 2 muscles of the middle ear

-Tensor tympani -Stapedius

What is the muscle tensor tympani innervated by+ function

-Innervated by a branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3) -It tenses the tymoanic membrane, reducing damage from loud sounds

What is the stapedius muscle innervated by

A branch of the facial nerve (CN V11)

Name the main artery that provides blood to the middle ear+ name the branches it passes through to do so

- External Cartoid artery branches: - Ascending pharyngeal -Maxillary -Posterior auricular -A small branch of the internal cartoid artery

Where does the nerve chorda tympani derive from + where does it pass between

- Facial nerve CN V11 =Passes between the malleus and incus

What is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX(9) IN THE MIDDLE EAR

Provides sensations to the typanic cavity and pharyngotympanic tube

What is Otitis Media

An infections of the middle earm often follwing an upper respiratory tract infection

What does otitis media cause

Fluid in the middle ear which can temprarily diminish hearing and inflammation of the lining of the tympanic cavity

What is Hyperacusis caused by + what does it resukt in

Caused by paralysis of the stapedius muscle due to a leison in the facial nerve , - Results in extreme sensitivity to sound

Where is the internal ear located

Petrous part of the temporal bone

What does the internal ear contain+ function

- Auditory apparatus- for hearing -Vestibular apparatus - for balance

What is the bony labyinth + what is it filled with

A series of chambers and canals within the optic capsuel, filled with perilmyph

What does the bony labyrinth consist of q

- Cochlea -Vestibule Semicircular canals

What is membranous labyrinth filled with

Endolymph

Name the 2 divisions that the membranous labyrinth containd

Cochlear labyritnh Vestibular labyrinth

Name the 3 semicircular canals

- Anterior, posterior and lateral canals

What does the semicircular canals contain

They contain semiciurcular ducts

What does the vestibular appartus contain

- Utricle -Saccule -Vestibular aqueduct

IN the vestbiular apparatus, what does the : -Utricle communicate with+ contain - Saccule communicate with+ contain -Vestibular aqueduct contain

-utricle communicates with semicircular ducts+ contains macula utriculi -The saccule communicates with cochlear duct + contains macula sacculi - Vestibular aqueduct contains endolymphatic duct

What is the cochkear duct suspened in + what does it contain

suspened in perlymph - Contains spiral organ of corti

What is the main blood supply for the internal EAR

-Internal auditory artery

What does the internal auditory artery, (main suppy of the internal ear) innervate

- Vestibular nerve -Cochlear nerve

Name the 2 muscles that protect the ear from loud sounds

-Tensor tympani -Stapedius

Explain the characteristics of the response of stepdius and tensor tympani in protecting the ear from loud soun

- The response is slow -The response is less effective with age -In young ears the staoes may break contact with the oval window

Name the nerves the Inernal acoustic meatus contain

- Facial nerve ( CN V11) -Vestibilocochlear nerve (cn v111) which divides into - cochlear and vestibular nerve

What is menieres disease caused by

- Blockage of the cochlear duct

What are symptoms of menieres disease

- Vertigo - Fluctuating hearing loss

What are symptoms from inner ear traums

- Vertigo, tinnitus , hearing loss

What does vertigo result from

Injury to the semicircular canals

What does tinnitus result from

disorder of Cochlear duct

COM 1 Anatomy week 7 Flashcards

(84 cards)