Leftover clinical correlatiosn from week 4

Question 1

What is chorea

Answer 1

Involuntary jerky irregular nonrepetitive movements

Question 2

What is chorea caused by

Answer 2

Overactive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra

Question 3

What does chorea result in

Answer 3

Inhibition of the caudate nucleus and putamen

Question 4

Explain huntingtons disease:
-Inheritance
-Onset
-Gene defect

Answer 4

• Autosomal dominant
  -Abnormal CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene

Question 5

What are sympotoms of huntingtons disease

Answer 5

Choreiform movements:
-Starts with facial twitiching
-progress to inability to move
Progressive dementia:
-Memory loss

Question 6

In huntigtons disease, what pathway is degenrated + effect

Answer 6

• Degeneration of striatonigral inhibitory pathway
  -Leads to the los of neurons that secrete GABA, ACH and substance P

Question 7

What is sydenham chorea associated with
+ how is it most common in

Answer 7

Rheumatic fever
-Children

Question 8

What is the cause of sydenham chorea

Answer 8

When antibodies against streptoococcal antigents attack striatal neuronsW

Question 9

What are symptokms of sydenham chorea

Answer 9

Rapid irregular movements of the limbs

Question 10

What is Hemiballismus

Answer 10

Wild flailing to one side of the body

Question 11

What causes hemiballismus

Answer 11

STroke or lesion in the contralateral subthamaic nuclei