COM1 Anatomy week 4

Question 1

What does the lumbosacral plexus innervate

Answer 1

• Lower limbs and pelvis

Question 2

What can the lumbosacral Plexus be divided into+exactly where

Answer 2

• Lumbar plexus- anterior rami of T12, L1-L4
  -Sacral plexus - Anterior rami of L4-L5 and S1-S4

Question 3

Where is the lumbosacral plexus located

Answer 3

• Anterior to lumbar vertberae and within the psoas major muscles

Question 4

Name the motor innervations of the lumbo sacral plexus

Answer 4

• Lower abdominal muscles
  -Pelvic muscles
  -Thigh muscles

Question 5

What is the sensory innervation of lumbosacral plexus-

Answer 5

• Lower abdomen
  -Lateral gluteal region
• External genitalia
  -Part of the thigh
  -Medial leg

Question 6

What does the Femoral nerve originate from

Answer 6

• Posterior diviosn of anterior ramin L2 -L4

Question 7

Explain the course of the femoral nerve

Answer 7

• Starts from behind the inguinal ligament, to the femoral triangle, adductor canal, then the medial leg via saphenous nerve

Question 8

What are the motor innervations of the femoral nerve, name all the muscles

Answer 8

• Sartorius, iliacus,pectineus,quadriceps femoris

Question 9

What movemtns does the femoral nerve

Answer 9

Hip flexion, knee extension

Question 10

What are the sensory innervations of the femoral nerve

Answer 10

-Anteromedial thigh, medial knee , leg and foot

Question 11

Where does the Obturator nerve originate from

Answer 11

L2 - L4

Question 12

Explain the course of the obturator nerve

Answer 12

Psoas major, obturator canal, medial thigh

Question 13

What are the motor interactions of the Obturator nerve

Answer 13

Medial thigh muscles (hip adductors )

Question 14

What are the likely causes of injury to the Obturator nerve

Answer 14

• pelvic trauma / surgery

Question 15

What can injury to the Obturator nerve Cause

Answer 15

• Weak hip addiction

Question 16

What does the Iliohypogastri nerve originate from

Answer 16

T12- L1

Question 17

Explain the course of the iliohypogastric nerve

Answer 17

• Emerges from psoas major
• Travels between transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles

Question 18

Why is the motor interventions of the Iliohypogastric

Answer 18

Internal oblique
Transversus Abdominis

Question 19

What is the sensory innervation if the iliohypogastrix nerve

Answer 19

• suprapubic region
• Posterolateral gluteal region

Question 20

What is the cause of injury to the iliohypogastric nerv

Answer 20

Abdominal surgery

Question 21

What is the result of injury to the iliohypogastric nerve

Answer 21

Abdominal wall weakness which increases risk of inguinal hernia

Question 22

Where does the illoinguinal nerve originate from

Answer 22

T12 - L1

Question 23

Explain the course of the ilioinguinal nerve

Answer 23

Pierced transversus abdominis
Passes through internal oblique
Enters and exits inguinal canal via superficial ring

Question 24

What is the motor interaction of the ilioinguinal nerve

Answer 24

Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis

Question 25

What is the sensory innervation of the ilioinguinal nerve

Answer 25

Proximal medial thigh Clitoris Scrotum

Question 27

What does the Genitofemoral nerve originate from

Answer 27

L1 - L2

Question 28

Name the 2 branches that the Genitofemoral nerve contains

Answer 28

- Genital branch - Femoral branch

Question 29

Explain the course of the Genitofemoral nerve ( both branches)

Answer 29

Genital branch :Enters inguinal canal through deep inguinal rings and leaves it throught the superficial Inguinla ring Femoral branch - under the inguinal ligaments and enters the thigh region

Question 30

What is the motor innervation of the Genitofemoral nerve

Answer 30

Scrotum + efferent and efferent components of cremaster muscle

Question 31

What is the sensory innervation of the Genitofemoral nerve

Answer 31

Upper thigh Anterior scrotum Mons pubis, labia majora

Question 32

Injured Genitofemoral nerve is caused by what

Answer 32

Inguinal hernia surgery

Question 33

What causes meralgia paresthetica

Answer 33

Compressiom of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Question 34

What are the risk factors for meralgia paresthetica

Answer 34

- Obesity, pregnancy

Question 35

Where does the sacral plexus originate from

Answer 35

- Lumbosacral trunk ( L4-L5) and S1-S4

Question 36

Where is sacral plexus located

Answer 36

In pelvis,on piriformis

Question 37

What are the motor and sensiry inervatiosn of sacral plexus( they are the same)

Answer 37

- Posterior thigh -lower leg -Entire foot -Part of pelvis

Question 38

Where does the sciatic nevre originate from

Answer 38

L4 - S3

Question 39

wHAT IS THE largest and longest nerve in the body

Answer 39

Sciatic nerve

Question 40

Explain the course of the sciatic nerve

Answer 40

- Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen (below piriformis) Runs toward popliteal fossa Splits into tibial and common fibular nerves at apex of popliteal fossa

Question 41

What are causes of a sciatic nerve injury

Answer 41

- Herniated disc

Question 42

Explain the course of the tibial nerve

Answer 42

-Travels through posterior leg (under soleus) → tarsal tunnel → foot

Question 43

Name the motor innervations of the tibial nerve

Answer 43

- Posterior leg muscles -Foot flexors -Inversion and plantarflexion

Question 44

What can cause tibial nerve injury

Answer 44

- Knne or legg trauma -Tarsal tunnel syndrom

Question 45

What are symptoms of tibial berve injury

Answer 45

Weak plantar flexion / inversion

Question 46

What is another name for the fibular nerve

Answer 46

-Common Peroneal nerve

Question 47

Explain the path of the common peroneal fibular nerve

Answer 47

- Towards the fibular head -Then splits into superficial and deep fibular peroneal nerves

Question 48

Name the branches of the common peroneal(fibular nerve)

Answer 48

- Deep peroneal nerve -Superficial peroneal nerve

Question 49

What does the deep peroneal nerve + the superficial peroneal nerve of the common peroneal nerve innervatw

Answer 49

-Deep Peroneal Nerve: Innervates anterior leg muscles Superficial Peroneal Nerve: Innervates lateral leg muscles.

Question 50

What is the overall function of the comon peroneal(fibular) nerve

Answer 50

- Eversion and dorsiflexion of the foot

Question 51

What can cause peroneal nerve injury

Answer 51

- Fibular neck fracture

Question 52

What are the symptoms of common peroneal nerve injury

Answer 52

- Loss of eversion and dorsiflexion

Question 53

What causes inferior gluteal nerve injury

Answer 53

Hip dislocation

Question 54

What are symptoms of inferior gluteal nerve injury

Answer 54

-Loss of hip extension

Question 55

What causes superior gluteal nerve injury

Answer 55

- Compression between the piriformis and gluteus medius

Question 56

What are symptoms of superior gluteal nerve injury

Answer 56

- Weak hip abduction

Question 57

Where does the pudendal nerve originate from

Answer 57

- S2-S4 spinal nerves

Question 58

Explain the course of the pudendal nerve

Answer 58

Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen Wraps around ischial spine Enters perineum via lesser sciatic foramen

Question 59

Name the motor innervations of pudendal nerve

Answer 59

- Muscles of the perineum and pelvic floor -Anal sphincters, external urethral

Question 60

Name the Sensory innervations of the pudendal nerves

Answer 60

- Perineum and genitals

Question 61

Name ways the pudendal nerve can be damaged

Answer 61

- HORSEBACK riding

Question 62

Give symptoms of pudendal nerve damage

Answer 62

- Sexual dysfunction