Peds ENT

Question 1

Sx of acute tonsilitis

Answer 1

• sore throat
• fever
• dysphagia
• enlarged with exudate
• bad breath
• tonsoliths and abscesses

Question 2

etio. of tonilitis

Answer 2

bact and viral

Question 3

3 Tx of tonsillits

Answer 3

1. hydration
2. analgesic
3. ABs

Question 4

4 complications

Answer 4

1. deep neck infections
2. sepsis
3. glomeluronephritis
4. rheumatic fever

Question 5

presentation of obst. sleep apnea

Answer 5

• heroic snoring
• restless sleeping
• enureis
• sleepyness

Question 6

4 absolute indications for tonsilectomy

Answer 6

1. OSA, cor pulmonale
2. suspect malig.
3. hemmoragic
4. severe dysphagia

Question 7

4 relative indications

Answer 7

1. hypertrophy
2. recurrent
3. complications
4. tonsiliths and halitosis

Question 8

what is adenoid hypertrophy

Answer 8

increase in size with repeated infection and allergy

Question 9

clincal features of adenoids

Answer 9

1. obst
2. rhinitis, sinusitis
3. PND and cough
4. recurrent OM

Question 10

indications to remove adenoids

Answer 10

• OSA
• chronic nasopharyngitis
• OME
• recurrent AOM
• malig
• chronic sinustits

Question 11

2 main causes of otitis media

Answer 11

1. infection
2. eustacian tube dysfunction
   - makes fluid that can get infected easily

Question 12

Sx of OM

Answer 12

• pain
• otorrhea if perfed
• fever
• hearing loss
• tugging

Question 13

3 most common bact in OM

Answer 13

1. s. pneumonia
2. H .influenza
3. M. catarrhalia

Question 14

**7 predisposing factors for OM

Answer 14

1. day care
2. smoke exposure
3. craniofacial abnormal - DS
4. immunodef.
5. bottle feeding
6. family Hx
7. aborig

Question 15

2 main locations of OM complications

Answer 15

1. intratemporal

2. intracranial

Question 16

what is wathcful waiting approach

Answer 16

observe for 48-72 hrs with antipyretics and no ABs

Question 17

4 groups to use watchful waiting with

Answer 17

1. child > 6 months
2. no risks
3. illness not severe no fever
4. reliable parents

Question 18

main AB for OM

Answer 18

amox - high dose

Question 19

signs of OM with effusion

Answer 19

1. fluid without signs of Sx or infection
2. conductive HL
3. flat tympanogram

Question 20

what is MGMT of OM with with effusion

Answer 20

AB NOT EFFECTIVE

- can put in tubes

Question 21

7 indications for tubes

Answer 21

1. recurrent AOM (>4 episodes in 6 mos)
2. complications
3. lack of respnse to medical therapy
4. persistent effusions
5. bilateral OME
6. bilateral Cond HL
7. chronic retraction of TM

Question 22

4 signs of airway obst.

Answer 22

1. noisy breating
2. diff. breathing
3. stops breathing
4. blue spells

Question 23

what is laryngomalacia

Answer 23

redundant mucosa cuasing supraglottic collapse

- inspiratory stridor

Question 24

Tx of laryngomalacia

Answer 24

1. obs

2. supraglottoplasty

Question 25

*** presentation of subglottic hemangioma

Answer 25

- biphasic stridor - starts after 1 month of age - progressive increase

Question 26

4 Tx for hemangioma

Answer 26

1. laser resection 2. steroids 3. tracheotomy 4. propranalol

Question 27

what is subglottic stenosis and Sx

Answer 27

extraskin | - stridor and croup

Question 28

Tx of stenosis

Answer 28

soft tissue -laser | hard tissue - laryngeopkasty

Question 29

what is acute epiglottitis

Answer 29

acute inflammation of epiglotis

Question 30

main cause

Answer 30

H influenzae | - hardly see now because of vaccine

Question 31

Tx of epiglottitis

Answer 31

- intubate i n OR - cultures - IV cef