Respiratory

Question 1

2 main portions of resp and functions

Answer 1

1. respiratory - alveoli, gas exchange

2. conducting - warm, humdifies, filters

Question 2

4 layers of the trachea from in to out

Answer 2

1. mucosa
2. submucosa
3. cart.
4. adventitia

Question 3

structure of mucosa

Answer 3

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells sitting on lamina propria

Question 4

6 types of cells in mucosa

Answer 4

1. ciliated - move mucous
2. goblets - sol phase of mucous
3. basal - proliferate
4. brush - sensory microvilli
5. kulchitsky - neuroendocrine secretory cells
6. dendritic - antigen presenting

Question 5

3 things making up submucosa

Answer 5

1. loose connective tissue
2. seromucous glands
3. ducts

Question 6

feature of cart. rings

Answer 6

open on posterior with smooth muscle that connects called trachealis

Question 7

feat iof adventia

Answer 7

loose connective tissue surrounding cart.

Question 8

4 layers of bronchi

Answer 8

1. mucosa
2. submucosa
3. cart.
4. adventitia

Question 9

Diffs. between bronchi and trach.

Answer 9

1. mucosa - some smooth muscle
2. submucosa - same
3. cart. - irregular and less prominent
4. adventitia - same

Question 10

diffes between bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 10

1. mucosa - even more smooth muscle
2. submucosa - gone
3. cart. - gone
4. adventitia - merges with mucosa - has elastic to prevent collapse

Question 11

3 changes in mucosa in bronchioles

Answer 11

1. lose the goblets
2. then the cilia
3. clara cells appear - secrete similar stuff to surfactant, progentiors

Question 12

enzyme that break down lung elastic

Answer 12

elastase

Question 13

4 parts of resp. part of lung

Answer 13

1. resp. broncioles
2. alveoli
3. interalveolar septum
4. alveolar/cap bed

Question 14

Feats . of resp. broncioles

Answer 14

broncioles broken by alveoli

- from the term bronchioles

Question 15

Feat of alveoli

Answer 15

polyhedral units

Question 16

connections between alveoli

Answer 16

pores of kohn

Question 17

2 linings of alveoili and jobs

Answer 17

Type 1 pneumocytes - 40%#, 95% surface

Type 2 pneumocytes - 60%#, 5% surface, surfactant and proliferation

Question 18

Feat. of interalveolar seprum

Answer 18

• fibroelastic CT

- pulmonary capillary plexus

Question 19

Feat of alveolar cap. bed

Answer 19

• blood air barrier

- endothelial cells

Question 20

anat of alveolar cap. bed

Answer 20

• type 1 pneumocytes with basement membranes

Question 21

Features of pleaura

Answer 21

• simple sqaum. epi resting on thin layer of CT rich in collagen and elastin