Pneumonia

Question 1

why is pneu important (2)

Answer 1

1. 6th leading cause of death

2. #1 reason for admissions from ER

Question 2

def. pneu

Answer 2

infection of the lungs with proliferation of micobes in the alveoli, resulting in inflamm. response

Question 3

3 ways of pneu entrance

Answer 3

1. aspiration
2. inhalation
3. hematogenous

Question 4

4 pulmonary defence mechs.

Answer 4

1. nasal filtration
2. upper airway reflexes
3. mucocilliary function
4. alveolar macrophages, IgA, C’

Question 5

3 types of pneu

Answer 5

1. community aquired
2. hosp. aquired
3. immunosupressed - weird species

Question 6

2 types of comm. aquired

Answer 6

1. typical - fever, prod. cough, CXR consolidaiton

2. atypical - vagaries of Sx

Question 7

1 organism for comm. aquires

Answer 7

S. pneumoniae

Question 8

what is important organism for children

Answer 8

mycoplasma pneummiae

Question 9

1 hospital aquired

Answer 9

Gr- bacilli - E.coli

Question 10

3 things in initial investigation

Answer 10

1. clincial assessment - Hx + phsycial
2. CXR
3. lab tests

Question 11

typical Sx

Answer 11

fever, cough, sputum, chills, pleuritic chest pain

Question 12

typical physical findings

Answer 12

fever, tachypnea, crepitaitons, broncial breathing

Question 13

what cannot be differentiated with CXR

Answer 13

organismic etiology

Question 14

value of CXR (4)

Answer 14

1. confirmaiton
2. detect other pulmonary issues
3. document complications
4. monitor response

Question 15

3 possible complications

Answer 15

1. lung abscess
2. empyema (pus in cavity), pleural effusion
3. bacteremia, metasteses

Question 16

why must we look at sputum

Answer 16

to determine the validity of the sample - is there squam?

Question 17

diagnostic tests for resp. viruses

Answer 17

naso swab, PCR

Question 18

diagnostic tests for mycoplasmic

Answer 18

naso swabs, PCR

Question 19

diagnositic tests for legionella

Answer 19

culture, urine, PCR

Question 20

5 thing that must be tested in all PTs that are in hosp for pneu

Answer 20

1. CXR
2. ABG
3. CBC
4. blood culture
5. sputum gram stain

Question 21

2 treatments for pneu

Answer 21

1. suportive (O2 and H2O)

2. antibmicrobial

Question 22

2 ways to prevent pnneu

Answer 22

1. flu vaccine

2. pneumococcal vaccine