Blood Pressure SDL

Question 1

What is the systolic and diastolic pressure (mmHg) in the right atrium of the dog?

Answer 1

Systolic of RA - 5mmHg

Diastolic - 0-3mmHg

Question 2

What is the systolic and diastolic pressure (mmHg) in the right ventricle of the dog?

Answer 2

Systolic - 25mmHg

Diastolic - -1mmHg

Question 3

What is the systolic and diastolic pressure (mmHg) in the pulmonary artery of the dog?

Answer 3

Systolic - 25mmHg

Diastolic - 5-15mmHg

Question 4

What is the systolic and diastolic pressure (mmHg) in the left atrium of the dog?

Answer 4

Systolic - 10mmHg

Diastolic - 0-5mmHg

Question 5

What is the systolic and diastolic pressure (mmHg) in the left ventricle of the dog?

Answer 5

Systolic - 125mmHg

Diastolic - -1mmHg

Question 6

What is the systolic and diastolic pressure (mmHg) in the aorta of the dog?

Answer 6

Systolic - 125mmHg

Diastolic - 80mmHg?

Question 7

List the common causes of systemic hypertension in the dog and cat

Answer 7

1. Artefact
   
   • Stress induced
   • White-coat hypertension
2. Primary (idiopathic)- Diet and life style related (Rare in veterinary patients)

Secondary to:

1. Renal disease
   
   • 30-40% of dogs with CRF have hypertension
   • Disturbance in neuroendocrine factors and body fluid balance
2. Hyperadrenocorticism (dog)
   
   • Increases renal retention of salt and water
   • Overproduction of renin: vasoconstriction
3. Hyperthyroidism (cat)
   
   • Increases sensitivity of myocardium to cathecolamines
4. Diabetes mellitus (dog and cat)
   
   • Volume expansion due to hyperglycaemia
5. Overproduction of renin:vasoconstriction
6. Phaechromocytoma (rare)
7. Hyperaldosteronism (rare)
8. Drug therapy
9. steroids, NSAID, cyclosporin A, phenylpropanolamine
10. Diet
11. Not as significant as in Humans

Question 8

List the common causes of pulmonary hypertension in the dog and cat

Answer 8

1. Alveolar hypoxia with pulmonary vasoconstriction / remodelling
   
   • Severe respiratory disease e.g IPF, neoplasia etc
2. Pulmonary vascular obstructive disease
   
   • Pulmonary thromboembolism
   • Heart worm disease
3. Pulmonary overcirculation
   
   • Large congenital shunts
4. High pulmonary venous pressure
   
   • Left sided heart failure of various causes
5. Idiopathic